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Outflows, Disks, and Stellar Content in a Region of High-Mass Star Formation: G5.89-0.39 with Adaptive Optics
We present adaptive optics (AO)-assisted near-infrared Fabry-Perotobservations of both the H2 v=1-0 S(1) line in the areasurrounding the shell-like ultracompact H II region (UCH II) G5.89-0.39and the Brγ emission in the region of ionized gas. This work aimsat investigating the near-IR counterpart to the widely debated massiveoutflow detected toward this source. We also study the connection of theoutflow(s) with the possible driving source(s) to better constrain thestellar content within this UCH II region. Our data show evidence of atotal of three outflows in this region, with distinct orientations anddifferent driving sources. Two prominent bow-shock structures areidentified in our H2 data in a north-south orientation. Themolecular jet, likely associated with these features, is not compatiblewith the orientation of the outflow previously detected at high spatialresolution in SiO emission. Moreover, we propose the driving source ofthis jetlike structure as the O5 V star recently detected by Feldt andcoworkers. However, we report the detection of a bipolar structure,separated by a dark lane, at the location of the 1.3 mm continuum source(i.e., the candidate source to power the SiO outflow). Finally, a thirdbipolar outflow is traced through the Brγ emission. Theconfirmation through CO interferometric observations of this outflowactivity would therefore favor an accretion scenario for high-mass starformation.Based on observations made with ESO Telescopes at La Silla and Paranalunder programs ID:64.I-0532 and ID:73.C-0178. Based on observationscollected at the Centro Astronómico Hispano Alemán (CAHA)at Calar Alto, operated jointly by the Max-Planck Institut fürAstronomie and the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía(CSIC).
| Rotational Velocities of B Stars
We measured the projected rotational velocities of 1092 northern B starslisted in the Bright Star Catalogue (BSC) and calibrated them againstthe 1975 Slettebak et al. system. We found that the published values ofB dwarfs in the BSC average 27% higher than those standards. Only 0.3%of the stars have rotational velocities in excess of two-thirds of thebreakup velocities, and the mean velocity is only 25% of breakup,implying that impending breakup is not a significant factor in reducingrotational velocities. For the B8-B9.5 III-V stars the bimodaldistribution in V can be explained by a set of slowly rotating Ap starsand a set of rapidly rotating normal stars. For the B0-B5 III-V starsthat include very few peculiar stars, the distributions in V are notbimodal. Are the low rotational velocities of B stars due to theoccurrence of frequent low-mass companions, planets, or disks? Therotational velocities of giants originating from late B dwarfs areconsistent with their conservation of angular momentum in shells.However, we are puzzled by why the giants that originate from the earlyB dwarfs, despite having 3 times greater radii, have nearly the samerotational velocities. We find that all B-type primaries in binarieswith periods less than 2.4 days have synchronized rotational and orbitalmotions; those with periods between 2.4 and 5.0 days are rotating withina factor 2 of synchronization or are ``nearly synchronized.'' Thecorresponding period ranges for A-type stars are 4.9 and 10.5 days, ortwice as large. We found that the rotational velocities of the primariesare synchronized earlier than their orbits are circularized. The maximumorbital period for circularized B binaries is 1.5 days and for Abinaries is 2.5 days. For stars of various ages from 107.5 to1010.2 yr the maximum circularized periods are a smoothexponential function of age.
| Catalogue of Apparent Diameters and Absolute Radii of Stars (CADARS) - Third edition - Comments and statistics
The Catalogue, available at the Centre de Données Stellaires deStrasbourg, consists of 13 573 records concerning the results obtainedfrom different methods for 7778 stars, reported in the literature. Thefollowing data are listed for each star: identifications, apparentmagnitude, spectral type, apparent diameter in arcsec, absolute radiusin solar units, method of determination, reference, remarks. Commentsand statistics obtained from CADARS are given. The Catalogue isavailable in electronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp tocdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcar?J/A+A/367/521
| Absolute proper motions of open clusters. I. Observational data
Mean proper motions and parallaxes of 205 open clusters were determinedfrom their member stars found in the Hipparcos Catalogue. 360 clusterswere searched for possible members, excluding nearby clusters withdistances D < 200 pc. Members were selected using ground basedinformation (photometry, radial velocity, proper motion, distance fromthe cluster centre) and information provided by Hipparcos (propermotion, parallax). Altogether 630 certain and 100 possible members werefound. A comparison of the Hipparcos parallaxes with photometricdistances of open clusters shows good agreement. The Hipparcos dataconfirm or reject the membership of several Cepheids in the studiedclusters. Tables 1 and 2 are only available in electronic form at theCDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
| Five-colour photometry of OB-stars in the Southern Hemisphere
Observations of OB-stars, made in 1959 and 1960 at the Leiden SouthernStation near Hartebeespoortdam, South Africa, with the VBLUW photometerattached to the 90 cm light-collector, are given in this paper. They arecompared with photometry obtained by \cite[Graham (1968),]{gra68}\cite[Walraven & Walraven (1977),]{wal77} \cite[Lub & Pel(1977)]{lub77} and \cite[Van Genderen et al. (1984).]{gen84} Formulaefor the transformation of the present observations to those of\cite[Walraven & Walraven (1977)]{wal77} and \cite[Lub & Pel(1977)]{lub77} are given. Table 4 is only available in electronic format the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) orvia http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
| UBV beta Database for Case-Hamburg Northern and Southern Luminous Stars
A database of photoelectric UBV beta photometry for stars listed in theCase-Hamburg northern and southern Milky Way luminous stars surveys hasbeen compiled from the original research literature. Consisting of over16,000 observations of some 7300 stars from over 500 sources, thisdatabase constitutes the most complete compilation of such photometryavailable for intrinsically luminous stars around the Galactic plane.Over 5000 stars listed in the Case-Hamburg surveys still lackfundamental photometric data.
| Cross-correlation characteristics of OB stars from IUE spectroscopy
We present a catalogue of homogeneous measures of the linewidthparameter, v_esin i, for 373 O-type stars and early B supergiants(including the separate components of 25 binary and three triplesystems), produced by cross-correlating high-resolution,short-wavelength IUE spectra against a `template' spectrum of tauSco. Wealso tabulate terminal velocities. There are no O supergiants in oursample with v_esin i<65 km s^-1, and only one supergiant earlier thanB5 has v_esin i<50 km s^-1, confirming that an important linebroadening mechanism in addition to rotation must be present in theseobjects. A calibration of the area under the cross-correlation peakagainst spectral type is used to obtain estimates of continuum intensityratios of the components in 28 spectroscopically binary or multiplesystems. At least seven SB2 systems show evidence for the `Struve-Sahadeeffect', a systematic variation in relative line strength as a functionof orbital phase. The stellar wind profiles of the most rapid rotator inour sample, the O9III:n* star HD 191423 (v_esin i=436km s^-1), show itto have a `wind-compressed disc' similar to that of HD 93521; this starand other rapid rotators are good candidates for studies of non-radialpulsation.
| A Radial Velocity Database for Stephenson-Sanduleak Southern Luminous Stars
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1997AJ....113..823R&db_key=AST
| A catalogue of [Fe/H] determinations: 1996 edition
A fifth Edition of the Catalogue of [Fe/H] determinations is presentedherewith. It contains 5946 determinations for 3247 stars, including 751stars in 84 associations, clusters or galaxies. The literature iscomplete up to December 1995. The 700 bibliographical referencescorrespond to [Fe/H] determinations obtained from high resolutionspectroscopic observations and detailed analyses, most of them carriedout with the help of model-atmospheres. The Catalogue is made up ofthree formatted files: File 1: field stars, File 2: stars in galacticassociations and clusters, and stars in SMC, LMC, M33, File 3: numberedlist of bibliographical references The three files are only available inelectronic form at the Centre de Donnees Stellaires in Strasbourg, viaanonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5), or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
| Far-Ultraviolet Stellar Photometry: Fields Centered on rho Ophiuchi and the Galactic Center
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1996ApJS..104..101S&db_key=AST
| The ROSAT all-sky survey catalogue of optically bright OB-type stars.
For the detailed statistical analysis of the X-ray emission of hot starswe selected all stars of spectral type O and B listed in the Yale BrightStar Catalogue and searched for them in the ROSAT All-Sky Survey. Inthis paper we describe the selection and preparation of the data andpresent a compilation of the derived X-ray data for a complete sample ofbright OB stars.
| The Gronbech-Olsen photometry: Transformations to a Hyades-Coma system
In this paper, we consider the zero points of six sets of Stromgren-betaphotometry. The color-index system to which our results are referred isa 'Hyades-Coma' system composed of photometry by Crawford and Perry(1966) and Crawford and Barnes (1969). For V magnitudes, we usemeasurements by Taylor and Joner (1992). Our results are as follows. (1)The zero points of photometry by Gronbech and Olsen (1976, 1977) areoffset from those of the Hyades-Coma system. The offsets can amount toseveral mmag; they appear for V and all color indices except beta, anddepend on right ascension and (usually) declination. (2) These offsetscan be applied to photometry by Stetson (1991), who reduced his resultsto the Gronbech-Olsen system. After correction, Stetson's results for aset of 'transfer stars' differ from comparable data published byCrawford and Barnes (1970). (3) A direct comparison of the transferstars to the Hyades yields consistency between the Hyades-Coma andCrawford-Barnes zero points (for the transfer stars specifically). Thisresult supports a conclusion drawn by Taylor and Joner, and suggeststhat here is some problem with the zero points of Stetson'stransfer-star data. (4) From Stetson's corrected data, one finds thatthe Crawford-Perry zero points for the Hyades are consistent with theCrawford-Barnes zero points for Coma. This result agrees with aconclusion drawn by Taylor and Joner from their own data, and suggeststhat the problem postulated for Stetson's transfer-star data does notextend to his results for the Hyades and Coma.
| A spectroscopic database for Stephenson-Sanduleak Southern Luminous Stars
A database of published spectral classifications for objects in theStepenson-Sanduleak Luminous Stars in the Southern Milky Way catalog hasbeen compiled from the literature. A total of 6182 classifications for2562 stars from 139 sources are incorporated.
| Far-ultraviolet stellar photometry: Fields in Sagittarius and Scorpius
Far-ultraviolet photometry for 741 objects in a field in Sagittariuscentered near M8 and 541 objects in a field centered near sigma Scorpiiis presented. These data were extracted from electographic imagesobtained with two cameras during a shuttle flight in 1991 April/May. Thecameras provided band passes with lambdaeff = 1375 A andlambdaeff = 1781 A. Synthetic colors show that these bandsare sensitive to effective temperature for hot stars. Our measurementswere placed on a quantitative far-ultraviolet magnitude scale byconvolving the spectra of stars observed by IUE with our cameras'spectral response functions. Fifty-eight percent of the ultravioletobjects were identified with visible stars using the SIMBAD databasewhile another 40% of the objects are blends of early type stars tooclose together to separate with our resolution. Our photometry iscompared with that from the TD-1, OAO 2, and ANS satellites and the S201(Apollo 16) far-ultraviolet camera and found to agree at the level of afew tenths of a magnitude. Unlike previous studies, almost half of theidentified visual counterparts to the ultraviolet objects are early Bstars. A plot of distance modulus against ultraviolet color excessreveals a significant population of stars with strong ultravioletexcess.
| Vitesses radiales. Catalogue WEB: Wilson Evans Batten. Subtittle: Radial velocities: The Wilson-Evans-Batten catalogue.
We give a common version of the two catalogues of Mean Radial Velocitiesby Wilson (1963) and Evans (1978) to which we have added the catalogueof spectroscopic binary systems (Batten et al. 1989). For each star,when possible, we give: 1) an acronym to enter SIMBAD (Set ofIdentifications Measurements and Bibliography for Astronomical Data) ofthe CDS (Centre de Donnees Astronomiques de Strasbourg). 2) the numberHIC of the HIPPARCOS catalogue (Turon 1992). 3) the CCDM number(Catalogue des Composantes des etoiles Doubles et Multiples) byDommanget & Nys (1994). For the cluster stars, a precise study hasbeen done, on the identificator numbers. Numerous remarks point out theproblems we have had to deal with.
| Chemical abundances in early B-type stars. 5: Metal abundances and LTE/NLTE comparison
Chemical abundances of neon, magnesium, aluminum, sulfur, and iron arederived for a sample of 21 unevolved B-stars in the local field andnearby associations. While aluminum, sulfur, and iron are underabundantin nearly all stars, near solar abundances are found for magnesium andneon. In agreement with earlier results for carbon, nitrogen, oxygen,and silicon (Kilian 1992), the present results show no correlation withsurface gravities or evolutionary states, which indicates that the metalabundances reflect the original composition of the interstellar medium.The results are supplemented by a comparison of local thermodynamicequilibrium (LTE) and non-LTE (NLTE) abundances for C, N, O, Si, Mg, andAl. In most cases the differences amount to +/- (0.1-0.2) dex, whichslightly exceeds the estimated accuracy of the NLTE abundancedetermination. However, a clear temperature gradient is evident for mostelements, which indicates systematic LTE abundance errors with a maximumamplitude of 0.4 dex between 21 000 K and 31 000 K.
| Evolutionary Variations of Nitrogen and Helium Abundances in Early B-Type Main Sequence Stars - an Analysis of New Data
Not Available
| An Einstein Observatory SAO-based catalog of B-type stars
About 4000 X-ray images obtained with the Einstein Observatory are usedto measure the 0.16-4.0 keV emission from 1545 B-type SAO stars fallingin the about 10 percent of the sky surveyed with the IPC. Seventy-fourdetected X-ray sources with B-type stars are identified, and it isestimated that no more than 15 can be misidentified. Upper limits to theX-ray emission of the remaining stars are presented. In addition tosummarizing the X-ray measurements and giving other relevant opticaldata, the present extensive catalog discusses the reduction process andanalyzes selection effects associated with both SAO catalog completenessand IPC target selection procedures. It is concluded that X-rayemission, at the level of Lx not less than 10 exp 30 ergs/s, is quitecommon in B stars of early spectral types (B0-B3), regardless ofluminosity class, but that emission, at the same level, becomes lesscommon, or nonexistent, in later B-type stars.
| Chemical abundances in early B-type stars. IV - He, CNO, and SI abundances
Chemical abundances of 21 unevolved B-stars in the local field andnearby associations are given. LTE model atmospheres and non-LTE lineformation calculations were used for the abundance determination of He,C, N, O, and Si. A comparison with evolutionary tracks from Maeder &Meynet (1988) shows that all stars are near the main sequence. In theatmospheres of two stars processed matter has been detected, which canbe explained by the assumption of fast rotation. Differences in theobserved abundances lead to the conclusion that the interstellar matteris well mixed on a large scale but inhomogeneous on a small scale.
| UBV photometry of OB+ stars in the southern Milky Way
One thousand two hundred and twenty six new observations are combinedwith previously published results of the author to yield an internalyconsistent set of magnitudes and colors on the international UBV systemfor 666 stars classified as OB+ in the Stephenson-Sanduleak OB starsurvey. The U - B, B - V diagram indicates that these stars consistprimarily of O-type stars and early B-type supergiants, reddened by upto E(B - V) = 2.1 mag.
| Early type high-velocity stars in the solar neighborhood. IV - Four-color and H-beta photometry
Results are presented from photometric obaservations in the Stromgrenuvby four-color and H-beta systems of early-type high-velocity stars inthe solar neighborhood. Several types of photometrically peculiar starsare selected on the basis of their Stromgren indices and areprovisionally identified as peculiar A stars, field horizontal-branchstars, metal-poor stars near the Population II and old-disk turnoffs,metal-poor blue stragglers, or metallic-line A stars. Numerousphotometrically normal stars were also found.
| Chemical abundances in early B-type stars. III - NLTE temperature and gravity determination
Effective temperatures Teff and gravities log g of l9 unevolved B starsin the local field and nearby associations are given. Determinations ofTeff due to non-LTE analyses of silicon line formation and non-LTEanalyses of helium line formation are compared, and a reasonableagreement is obtained. Small differences were observed for four B starsonly. The temperature calibration of some important photometricobservables is discussed, with particular emphasis on a comparison withsynthetic spectral indices. Temperatures obtained from thenonthermodynamic ionization equilibria of helium and silicon were foundto be systematically higher by 2000 K than those calculated fromsynthetic photometry and LTE assumptions.
| Broad-band photometry of selected southern ultraviolet-bright stars.
Not Available
| Ultraviolet gas absorption and dust extinction toward M8
Interstellar absorption lines are analyzed using high-resolution IUEspectra of 11 stars in the young cluster NGC 6530 located in the M8region. High-velocity clouds at -35 km/s and -60 km/s are seen towardall cluster stars. The components arise in gases that are part of largeinterstellar bubbles centered on the cluster and driven by stellar windsof the most luminous members. Absorption lines of species of differentionization states are separated in velocity. The velocity stratificationis best explained as a 'champagne' flow of ionized gas away from thecluster. The C IV/Si IV ratios toward the hotter cluster members areconsistent with simple photoionization models if the gas-phase C/Siratio is increased by preferential accretion onto dust grains. High ioncolumn densities in the central cluster decline with distance from W93,suggesting that radiation from a hot source near W93 has photoionizedgas in the central cluster.
| Chemical abundances in early B-type stars. I - Sample and metal line equivalent widths
Equivalent widths for over 100 lines of C, N, O, Ne, Mg, Al, Si, S andFe of 21 unevolved B-stars in the local field and nearby associationsare given. The spectra cover the wavelength range 406-506 nm. Data forsharp unblended lines are accurate to 5 percent or better, for otherlines the error lies between 5 and 10 percent. The tables containequivalent widths and standard deviations for all lines measured in all21 stars.
| Extinction curves and intrinsic colours in local and distant OB complexes
The present investigation of extinctions in two different Galactic diskregions is based on stars of (B1 V) Sp/L class, and indicates that theshapes of extinction curves, and perhaps the total/selective absorptionratios, differ among young star complexes. In addition, a smalldifference is noted among the intrinsic energy distributions in B1 Vstars' spectra in the complexes studied. The two associations studiedare Sco-Ori and the Perseus arm.
| On the observational determination of OB standards.
Not Available
| A catalog of ultraviolet interstellar extinction excesses for 1415 stars
Ultraviolet interstellar extinction excesses are presented for 1415stars with spectral types B7 and earlier. The excesses with respect to Vare derived from Astronomical Netherlands Satellite (ANS) 5-channel UVphotometry at central wavelengths of approximately 1550, 1800, 2500, and3300 A. A measure of the excess extinction in the 2200-A extinction bumpis also given. The data are valuable for investigating the systematicsof peculiar interstellar extinction and for studying the character of UVinterstellar extinction in the general direction of stars for which theextinction-curve shape is unknown.
| The local system of early type stars - Spatial extent and kinematics
Published uvby and H-beta photometric data and proper motions arecompiled and analyzed to characterize the structure and kinematics ofthe bright early-type O-A0 stars in the solar vicinity, with a focus onthe Gould belt. The selection and calibration techniques are explained,and the data are presented in extensive tables and graphs and discussedin detail. The Gould belt stars of age less than 20 Myr are shown togive belt inclination 19 deg to the Galactic plane and node-lineorientation in the direction of Galactic rotation, while the symmetricaldistribution about the Galactic plane and kinematic properties (purecircular differential rotation) of the belt stars over 60 Myr oldresemble those of fainter nonbelt stars of all ages. The unresolveddiscrepancy between the expansion observed in the youngest nearby starsand the predictions of simple models of expansion from a point isattributed to the inhomogeneous distribution of interstellar matter.
| 13-COLOR Photometry of B-Type Stars
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1984RMxAA...9...53S&db_key=AST
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Observation and Astrometry data
| Constellation: | Sagittarius |
| Right ascension: | 18h03m01.70s |
| Declination: | -22°43'06.0" |
| Apparent magnitude: | 6.74 |
| Distance: | 10000000 parsecs |
| Proper motion RA: | 0 |
| Proper motion Dec: | -4.1 |
| B-T magnitude: | 6.634 |
| V-T magnitude: | 6.707 |
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