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An accurate determination of the distance to the Pipe nebula
Aims.We seek an accurate distance to the Pipe nebula. Methods: TheB-band linear polarimetry collected for stars from the Hipparcoscatalogue is used to investigate the dependence of the measuredinterstellar polarization as a function of the star's trigonometricparallax. Results: The linear polarization obtained for 82 Hipparcosstars in the general direction of the Pipe nebula are presented andanalysed. The distribution of the obtained position angles suggests theexistence of two polarizing components. One of them has low averagecolumn density and seems to be closer than ~70 pc to the Sun, while theother component has a higher column density and seems to belong to avery extended interstellar structure. The obtained parallax-polarizationdiagram indicates a low degree of polarization for stars withπH > 8 mas, while a steep rise in polarization isobserved for stars with πH ≈ 7 mas, corresponding to adistance of approximately 140 pc. Conclusions: Our analysis suggests adistance of 145 ± 16 pc to de Pipe nebula, meaning that thiscloud is part of the Ophiuchus dark cloud complex. There is evidencethat the largest filament of the Pipe nebula has collapsed along themagnetic field lines, indicating that magnetic pressure plays animportant role in the evolution of this cloud.Based on observations collected at Observatório do Pico dos Dias,operated by Laboratório Nacional de Astrofísica (LNA/MCT,Brazil). Tables 1 and 2 are only available in electronic form athttp://www.aanda.org
| Effective temperature scale and bolometric corrections from 2MASS photometry
We present a method to determine effective temperatures, angularsemi-diameters and bolometric corrections for population I and II FGKtype stars based on V and 2MASS IR photometry. Accurate calibration isaccomplished by using a sample of solar analogues, whose averagetemperature is assumed to be equal to the solar effective temperature of5777 K. By taking into account all possible sources of error we estimateassociated uncertainties to better than 1% in effective temperature andin the range 1.0-2.5% in angular semi-diameter for unreddened stars.Comparison of our new temperatures with other determinations extractedfrom the literature indicates, in general, remarkably good agreement.These results suggest that the effective temperaure scale of FGK starsis currently established with an accuracy better than 0.5%-1%. Theapplication of the method to a sample of 10 999 dwarfs in the Hipparcoscatalogue allows us to define temperature and bolometric correction (Kband) calibrations as a function of (V-K), [m/H] and log g. Bolometriccorrections in the V and K bands as a function of T_eff, [m/H] and log gare also given. We provide effective temperatures, angularsemi-diameters, radii and bolometric corrections in the V and K bandsfor the 10 999 FGK stars in our sample with the correspondinguncertainties.
| The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the Solar neighbourhood. Ages, metallicities, and kinematic properties of 14 000 F and G dwarfs
We present and discuss new determinations of metallicity, rotation, age,kinematics, and Galactic orbits for a complete, magnitude-limited, andkinematically unbiased sample of 16 682 nearby F and G dwarf stars. Our63 000 new, accurate radial-velocity observations for nearly 13 500stars allow identification of most of the binary stars in the sampleand, together with published uvbyβ photometry, Hipparcosparallaxes, Tycho-2 proper motions, and a few earlier radial velocities,complete the kinematic information for 14 139 stars. These high-qualityvelocity data are supplemented by effective temperatures andmetallicities newly derived from recent and/or revised calibrations. Theremaining stars either lack Hipparcos data or have fast rotation. Amajor effort has been devoted to the determination of new isochrone agesfor all stars for which this is possible. Particular attention has beengiven to a realistic treatment of statistical biases and errorestimates, as standard techniques tend to underestimate these effectsand introduce spurious features in the age distributions. Our ages agreewell with those by Edvardsson et al. (\cite{edv93}), despite severalastrophysical and computational improvements since then. We demonstrate,however, how strong observational and theoretical biases cause thedistribution of the observed ages to be very different from that of thetrue age distribution of the sample. Among the many basic relations ofthe Galactic disk that can be reinvestigated from the data presentedhere, we revisit the metallicity distribution of the G dwarfs and theage-metallicity, age-velocity, and metallicity-velocity relations of theSolar neighbourhood. Our first results confirm the lack of metal-poor Gdwarfs relative to closed-box model predictions (the ``G dwarfproblem''), the existence of radial metallicity gradients in the disk,the small change in mean metallicity of the thin disk since itsformation and the substantial scatter in metallicity at all ages, andthe continuing kinematic heating of the thin disk with an efficiencyconsistent with that expected for a combination of spiral arms and giantmolecular clouds. Distinct features in the distribution of the Vcomponent of the space motion are extended in age and metallicity,corresponding to the effects of stochastic spiral waves rather thanclassical moving groups, and may complicate the identification ofthick-disk stars from kinematic criteria. More advanced analyses of thisrich material will require careful simulations of the selection criteriafor the sample and the distribution of observational errors.Based on observations made with the Danish 1.5-m telescope at ESO, LaSilla, Chile, and with the Swiss 1-m telescope at Observatoire deHaute-Provence, France.Complete Tables 1 and 2 are only available in electronic form at the CDSvia anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/418/989
| Walraven photometry of nearby southern OB associations
Homogeneous Walraven (VBLUW) photometry is presented for 5260 stars inthe regions of five nearby southern OB associations: Scorpio Centaurus(Sco OB2), Orion OB1, Canis Major OB1, Monoceros OB1, and Scutum OB2.Derived V and (B - V) in the Johnson system are included.
| The extension of the MK spectral classification system to the intermediate population II F type stars
A grid of metal-weak spectral-classification standards is used tosystematically extend the MK spectral-classification system to F-typestars of the intermediate population II. The present method allowsmetal-weak program stars to be compared with standards of similarmetallicity and effective temperature. The results demonstrate that theintermediate population II is very homogeneous. Excellent agreement isobtained between the classifications of the present extended system anduvby-beta photometric results.
| A photometric catalogue of stars in the direction of the bright cloud B in Sagittarius
The present catalog includes photometric data on stars in a 5.5 deg x5.5 deg area in the direction of the bright cloud B in Sagittarius,centered at l equals 357.7 deg, b equals plus 5.6 deg. V magnitudes andB-V and U-B colors are reported for nearly all HD and HDE stars in thefield and also for a number of interesting stars (402 stars), 21 propermotion stars, and 45 stars in a 15 arcmin radius circular regioncentered on the galactic cluster Trumpler 26 (Tr 26). Furthermore,photographic B, V, R, and IR magnitudes are listed for 274 stars in thefield of Tr 26. These data will be used for further studies ofinterstellar absorption in the Galaxy's central direction in relation tospecific objects (red variable stars, star clusters, diffuse objects).
| Estimation of spectral classifications for bright southern stars with interesting Stromgren indices
This paper investigates the degree of success with which uvby photometrycan be applied to predict spectral classifications for 947 A, F, and Gstars brighter than an apparent magnitude of 8.3 and with four-colorindices indicating some kind of interesting, unusual, or peculiarspectrum. One or several possible spectral classifications are estimatedfor each star from photometry alone, double stars are distinguished, andthe estimates are compared with published classifications. The resultsshow that the framework provided by uvby photometry can be extended toinclude most G and K stars, reddened stars, peculiar stars, and certaintypes of double star.
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תצפית ומידע אסטרומטרי
| קבוצת-כוכבים: | עקרב |
| התרוממות ימנית: | 17h28m40.82s |
| סירוב: | -31°23'03.2" |
| גודל גלוי: | 7.61 |
| מרחק: | 89.928 פארסק |
| תנועה נכונה: | -34.1 |
| תנועה נכונה: | -21 |
| B-T magnitude: | 8.02 |
| V-T magnitude: | 7.644 |
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